Valtrex and Zelitrex are the brand names for an antiviral drug known as valaciclovir, which has been manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline plc since 25 November 2009. The drug is used in the management and treatment of shingles and herpes viri.
The active ingredient in Valtrex is valacyclovir hydrochloride, and, in turn, the active metabolite of valaciclovir is aciclovir. Valtrex has been shown to be active against most species in the herpesvirus family. These include, in order from most active to least active, Herpes simplex virus Type I, Herpes simplex virus Type II, Varicella zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus, and Cytomegalovirus. Valtrex is inactive against latent viruses in nerve ganglia. Valtrex also contains inactive ingredients. The inactive ingredients in Valtrex are carnauba wax, colloidal silicon dioxide, crospovidone, FD&C Blue No. 2 Lake, hypromellose, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polyethylene glycol, polysorbate 80, povidone, and titanium dioxide. It is prescribed in tablet doses of 250 milligrams, 500 milligrams, and 1000 milligrams.
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Valtrex works in the prophylaxis, or prevention, and treatment of both oral and genital herpes. If taken regularly by an individual who is infected with herpes simplex virus, it lowers the chance that said individual will transmit the herpes simplex virus to an uninfected individual. After an organ transplantation, sometimes a person can become a victim to cytomegalovirus. Valtrex has been shown to help in the prevention of this, as well as the shingles virus. Valtrex can aid in the prevention of the accidental transmission of herpes viruses to medical patients who are currently immunocompromised, such as a very elderly person or a newborn baby. Chemotherapy patients also can benefit from this, and anybody immunocompromised for any other reason. Research shows that Valtrex may soon be employed against infectious mononucleosis.
As with any drug utilized by men and women of modern medicine, Valtrex can have some adverse effects in certain patients. In general, Valtrex shares the same common adverse reactions as aciclovir, which, as previously stated, is its active metabolite. These common adverse reactions are diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, and headaches. The infrequent adverse reactions of Valtrex are dizziness, agitation, vertigo, sore throat, confusion, constipation, edema, arthralgia, rashes, abdominal pain, generalized weakness or malaise, and/or renal impairment. There are rare reactions. Among those reactions are coma and seizures.